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1. conundrum (n.) – puzzle, problem
Example: Interpreting Jane’s behavior was a constant conundrum.
Synonyms: enigma, riddle, mystery
Antonyms: solution, clarity
Nepali Meaning: पहेली, जटिल समस्या
Nepali Example: जेनको व्यवहार बुझ्नु एउटा पहेली जस्तो थियो.
2. convene (v.) – to call together
Example: Jason convened his entire extended family for a discussion.
Synonyms: assemble, gather, summon
Antonyms: dismiss, disperse
Nepali Meaning: बुलाउनु, एकत्र गर्नु
Nepali Example: जेसनले आफ्नो ठूलो परिवारलाई छलफलको लागि बुलायो.
3. convention (n.) – 1. assembly of people 2. custom
Example 1: The hotel was full because of the cattle ranchers’ convention.
Example 2: The ranchers have a convention of removing boots before entering.
Synonyms: (1) conference, meeting (2) tradition, norm
Antonyms: (2) deviation, irregularity
Nepali Meaning: (१) सम्मेलन (२) चलन, प्रथा
Nepali Example: (१) होटल गाईपालकहरूको सम्मेलनले भरिएको थियो. (२) उनीहरूको घरमा जानुअघि जुत्ता खोल्ने चलन छ.
4. convivial (adj.) – festive, merry
Example: The restaurant’s convivial atmosphere put me at ease.
Synonyms: jovial, cheerful, lively
Antonyms: gloomy, unfriendly
Nepali Meaning: रमाइलो, आनन्दित
Nepali Example: रेस्टुरेन्टको रमाइलो माहोविले मलाई आराम महसुस गरायो.
5. convoluted (adj.) – complicated
Example: Grace’s story was so convoluted that I couldn’t follow it.
Synonyms: complex, tangled, intricate
Antonyms: simple, straightforward
Nepali Meaning: जटिल, पेचिलो
Nepali Example: ग्रेसको कथा यति जटिल थियो कि मैले बुझ्न सकिनँ.
6. copious (adj.) – abundant
Example: Copious amounts of Snapple were drunk in the cafeteria.
Synonyms: plentiful, ample, profuse
Antonyms: scarce, meager
Nepali Meaning: प्रचुर, धेरै Nepali Example: क्याफेटेरियामा धेरै मात्रामा स्न्यापल पिइएको थियो.
7. cordial (adj.) – warm, friendly
Example: His cordial greeting melted my anger.
Synonyms: amiable, genial, hospitable
Antonyms: cold, hostile
Nepali Meaning: मिलनसार, सौहार्दपूर्ण
Nepali Example: उसको मिलनसार स्वागतले मेरो रिस हरायो.
8. coronation (n.) – crowning ceremony
Example: The new king’s coronation occurred after his father’s death.
Synonyms: enthronement, inauguration
Antonyms: dethronement, deposition
Nepali Meaning: राजतिलक, राज्याभिषेक
Nepali Example: नयाँ राजाको राजतिलक उसको बुबाको मृत्युपछि भयो.
9. corpulence (n.) – extreme fatness
Example: Henry’s corpulence did not reduce his attractiveness.
Synonyms: obesity, heaviness
Antonyms: slimness, leanness
Nepali Meaning: मोटोपना, स्थूलता
Nepali Example: हेनरीको मोटोपनाले उसको आकर्षण कम गरेन.
10. corroborate (v.) – to confirm with evidence
Example: The witness corroborated his story.
Synonyms: verify, substantiate, validate
Antonyms: contradict, refute
Nepali Meaning: पुष्टि गर्नु, समर्थन गर्नु
Nepali Example: साक्षीले उसको कथा पुष्टि गर्यो.
11. corrosive (adj.) – having the tendency to erode or eat away
Example: The effect of the chemical was highly corrosive.
Synonyms: erosive, caustic, destructive
Antonyms: harmless, benign
Nepali Meaning: क्षयकारी, खाने स्वभावको
Nepali Example: रसायनको प्रभाव अत्यधिक क्षयकारी थियो।
12. cosmopolitan (adj.) – sophisticated, worldly
Example: Lloyd’s education and upbringing were cosmopolitan.
Synonyms: worldly, urbane, international
Antonyms: provincial, narrow-minded
Nepali Meaning: विश्वव्यापी, सुसंस्कृत
Nepali Example: लोइडको शिक्षा र पालनपोषण विश्वव्यापी थियो।
13. counteract (v.) – to neutralize, make ineffective
Example: The antidote counteracted the effect of the poison.
Synonyms: offset, negate, neutralize
Antonyms: reinforce, strengthen
Nepali Meaning: प्रतिकार गर्नु, असर खुम्च्याउनु Nepali Example: विषको असरलाई एन्टिडोटले खुम्च्यायो।
14. coup (n.) – 1. brilliant unexpected act 2. overthrow of government
Example 1: Alexander pulled off an amazing coup by getting a date with Cynthia.
Example 2: The army officers staged a coup and took legislators hostage.
Synonyms: (1) feat, stunt (2) takeover, overthrow
Antonyms: (2) election, democratic transition
Nepali Meaning: (१) चमत्कारिक कार्य (२) सत्ता पल्टाइ
Nepali Example: (१) अलेक्जेन्डरले सिन्थियासँग मिल्ने चमत्कारिक तरिका अपनायो। (२) सेनाका अधिकारीहरूले सत्ता पल्टाए।
15. covet (v.) – to desire enviously
Example: I coveted Moses’s house, wife, and car.
Synonyms: envy, desire, crave
Antonyms: disregard, be content
Nepali Meaning: ईर्ष्यापूर्वक चाहनु
Nepali Example: म मोजेसको घर, पत्नी र कारलाई ईर्ष्याले हेर्थें।
16. covert (adj.) – secretly engaged in
Example: Nerwin waged a covert campaign against his enemies.
Synonyms: secret, hidden, clandestine
Antonyms: overt, open
Nepali Meaning: गोप्य, गुप्त
Nepali Example: नर्विनले आफ्ना शत्रुविरुद्ध गोप्य अभियान चलाए।
17. credulity (n.) – readiness to believe
Example: His credulity made him an easy target for con men.
Synonyms: gullibility, trustfulness
Antonyms: skepticism, distrust
Nepali Meaning: सजिलै विश्वास गर्ने स्वभाव
Nepali Example: उसको सजिलै विश्वास गर्ने स्वभावले ठगहरूको सजिलो शिकार बनायो।
18. crescendo (n.) – steady increase in intensity or volume
Example: The crescendo of the brass instruments gave the piece a patriotic feel.
Synonyms: climax, peak, buildup
Antonyms: decrescendo, decrease
Nepali Meaning: क्रमिक रूपमा बढ्दो तीव्रता
Nepali Example: ब्रास वाद्ययन्त्रहरूको बढ्दो तीव्रताले गीतमा देशभक्ति झल्क्यो।
19. criteria (n.) – standards by which something is judged
Example: Among Mrs. Fields’s criteria for good cookies are that they be moist and chewy.
Synonyms: standards, benchmarks, norms
Antonyms: exceptions, deviations
Nepali Meaning: मापदण्ड, कसोटी
Nepali Example: राम्रो कुकीहरूको लागि श्रीमती फिल्ड्सको मापदण्ड नम्र र चप्पल हुनुपर्छ।
20. culmination (n.) – the climax toward which something progresses
Example: The culmination of the couple’s argument was the decision to divorce.
Synonyms: climax, peak, conclusion
Antonyms: beginning, start
Nepali Meaning: चरम बिन्दु, उत्कर्ष
Nepali Example: जोडीको विवादको चरम बिन्दु तलाकको निर्णय थियो।
21. culpable (adj.) – deserving blame
Example: He was culpable of the crime and sentenced to community service.
Synonyms: guilty, blameworthy
Antonyms: innocent, blameless
Nepali Meaning: दोषी, दण्डनीय
Nepali Example: उ अपराधको दोषी थियो र समुदाय सेवामा सजाय भयो।
22. cultivate (v.) – to nurture, improve, refine
Example: At the library, she cultivated her interest in spy novels.
Synonyms: nurture, develop, foster
Antonyms: neglect, ignore
Nepali Meaning: विकास गर्नु, सुधार गर्नु
Nepali Example: पुस्तकालयमा उनले जासूसी उपन्यासमा रुचि विकास गरिन्।
23. cumulative (adj.) – increasing, building upon itself
Example: The cumulative effect of hours spent in the sun was a deep tan.
Synonyms: accumulative, collective, aggregate
Antonyms: decreasing, diminishing
Nepali Meaning: संचयी, बढ्दो
Nepali Example: घण्टौं सम्म घाममा बसेर गाढा रंगत आयो।
24. cunning (adj.) – sly, clever at being deceitful
Example: The general devised a cunning plan to surprise the enemy.
Synonyms: crafty, wily, shrewd
Antonyms: naive, honest
Nepali Meaning: चालाक, धूर्त
Nepali Example: जनरलले शत्रुलाई आक्रमण गर्न चालाक योजना बनाए।
25. cupidity (n.) – greed, strong desire
Example: His cupidity made him enter the abandoned gold mine despite dangers.
Synonyms: avarice, greediness
Antonyms: generosity, contentment
Nepali Meaning: लोभ, अत्यधिक इच्छा
Nepali Example: उसको लोभले खाली सुनको खानीमा जाने निर्णय गरायो।
26. cursory (adj.) – brief to the point of being superficial
Example: Late for the meeting, she cast a cursory glance at the agenda.
Synonyms: hasty, perfunctory, superficial
Antonyms: thorough, detailed
Nepali Meaning: सतही, हल्का
Nepali Example: बैठकमा ढिला भएकाले उनले एजेन्डामा सतही नजर गरिन्।
27. curt (adj.) – abruptly and rudely short
Example: Her curt reply to my question made me realize she was upset.
Synonyms: blunt, brusque, abrupt
Antonyms: polite, lengthy
Nepali Meaning: रुखो, छोटो
Nepali Example: उनको रुखो जवाफले मलाई उनी रिसाएकी थिइन् भन्ने बुझायो।
28. curtail (v.) – to lessen, reduce
Example: Since losing his job, he had to curtail his spending.
Synonyms: reduce, decrease, cut back
Antonyms: increase, expand
Nepali Meaning: घटाउनु, कम गर्नु
Nepali Example: नोकरी गुमाएपछि उसले खर्च घटाउनुपर्यो।